Milking machine system consists of vacuum pump and milking machine of two parts. The former mainly includes the vacuum pump, motor, vacuum tank, vacuum regulator, vacuum pressure gauge, etc.; The latter by the milking stools, beat (or pulse), milk, milk cup and some of the catheter and rubber tube. Each vice milking machine, milking machine includes 8 ~ 10 foot for 100 ~ 120 milk cow. New pipeline milking machine, no milking stools, milk from the milk cup by milking machine, directly by the pipeline shed milk storage tank, and outside completely cut off; And can according to automatically adjust the milk cup milk flow of vacuum pressure, squeeze can fall off automatically after the net, not "empty". Milk cans made of stainless steel storage tank for interlining, there a coil, through 20 with freon refrigerant, such as tank with electric mixer, two temperature can make the milk quickly to 2 ~ 3 ℃.
Milking machine has two beat and three type two kinds. Around in the early 1950 s in China, we adopt three beats, presently adopted two beats type more.
1. 2 beats type The so-called two beats, is when to start the milking machine, two beats in a beat. The first beat is sucking, at this time between the nipple and wall interior is vacuum, rubber set in a normal state. Because the nipple inside the tube and nipples chamber, the pressure difference between the papillary sphincter open, milk is sucked nipple chamber, and then flow into the milk (or storage tank).
Second beat is pressed when the nipple chamber is still in the vacuum state, whereas in the wall between the indoor into the air, the rubber sleeve is compressed by the pressure difference between the two room, sphincter closed, milk stopped flowing. Crush the tempo is the purpose of to massage the nipples with squeezing method, to restore the sucking rhythm by suppression of nipple blood circulation.
Two frequency beat in the pulse of the milking machine for 48 ~ 60 times/min. In a pulse time, sucking squeezing beat and beat the ratio is 1:1, is also adjustable for 2:8 then or now.
With two beats milking machine milking, nipple is always under vacuum, (that is, milk cup) will gradually make the milk mouth touch nipple and breast, in the crowded after 3 ~ 4 min, while net haven't milk the cow, but communication is blocked because of nipple and breast, and thus stop the milk, easy to produce the milk is not easy to squeeze all faults. But since there is no rest, so the milking speed is faster than the three-beat type.
Two beats milking machine when is between casing and casing in the shell in a vacuum, milk will come out from pipe nipple is sucked, when milking vacuum cup inside the casing, and not between casing and casing in a vacuum, nipple to stop line of milk and a resting state. Casing is in normal work, maintain the vacuum, and due to the fluctuating between casing and casing in device, the control of vacuum, and filled with air.
2. Three beats type three-beat pattern milking machine besides sucking and squeezing two beats, also increased the third beat, the rest to the beat. It's easy to eliminate two beats type of milking machine faults. But milking speed slower. 3 in a pulsating rhythm of time is roughly: suck beat 45%, squeezing beat 15%, the rest 40% beat.
The operation of milking machine
Like hand milking, milking should also be in hot water before (50 to 55 c) scrub and massage a breast. Open the switch, switch on the power supply, make the motor rotation. Adjust the vacuum pressure gauge, the vacuum close to 30-35 cm, usually no more than 40 cm. Then thick rubber tube on the switch of the catheter, turn on the switch. Then hand clenched milk a cup of milk, milk open the switch on the lid with another hand, from the far side of the milk cup set on the nipples. Pulsator pulsation frequency general adjustment to 50-60 times/min. In milking process, through pipe is peer observation on milking machine milk flow conditions, such as no milk flow out of date, namely the milking barrel should be closed on the switch on the switch or catheter, gently remove the milk cup, hung on milking lid. New kind of milk cup can fall off automatically according to the milk flow situation.
After each finished milking, he or she shall put the pail and related parts in contact with the milk remove clean, first rinse with cold water, then use 85 ℃ hot water to wash. Method is connected to main (thick rubber tube), open the switch on the catheter, inverted set milk, milk make a cup of water, milk and then open the lid on the switch, the water absorption into the milking stools, wash wash bucket again after breast milk cup and tube cover and barrel wall. Wash finish again with hot water washing, then put the milking machine hung on the rack to dry.
Based on the experience of hefei in anhui province dairy, correct mechanized operation, should be mainly in the following procedures.
Squeeze 1. The first three milk put the milk in the beginning, from each of the first three milk milk area extrusion on the black check tablet or fixed on the large glass mouth black check with filter plate, block check for milk, and then observe the changes of milk color, concludes that the milk of health. The first few milk mainly in milk, milk pool often contains a lot of bacteria. During milking bacteria from nipple holes into the milk pool and for milk nutrition in it. The first three milk can't squeeze into a large number of high-quality milk, also can't squeeze abandoned in the floor or bed, in order to prevent bacteria from intrusion and infect healthy breast nipple hole area. In addition, the first three often contain residues in milk nipple soaking liquid.
2. Cleaning and massage a breast
(1) clean breast In the crowded after three milk to wash the breast. Squeeze the three must not clean breast milk. Because it can make the milk and nipple cream containing bacteria less pool containing mixed bacteria more milk, and rise to the top of the breast, breast health threat, but also increase the number of bacteria in milk products. The breast to the dirty with plenty of clean water to dry, then use warm water to wash clean breast. Available breast nozzle water spray in the milking parlour. To put towels to use for cleaning the breast have disinfectant of warm water to dry after cleaning.
(2) massage breast In crowded on the milk and cleaning after breast, nipples and breast not full, tight, that have not yet fully formed reflex, it must continue to massage the breast, until row reflex fully formed. In there are a lot of pressure on the skin of the breasts and nipples and touch receptors, excited by the nerve conduction of massage form to the brain, oxytocin secreted by the pituitary gland, with blood circulation effect to the mammary gland bubble around inside the breast muscle cells, shrink the extrusion of mammary gland bubble, it contains milk by the lactiferous ducts into the pool.
3. The set of milk cup After the row of breast reflection form, as soon as possible on the milk cup milk, otherwise, the milk from the mammary gland bubble pool milk will slow or interrupt. The effect of oxytocin time usually lasts 7 ~ 8 min, if you don't timely set of milk cup, will shorten the milking the role of oxytocin, residues of breast milk is much. So the general requirements from the crowded three milk began to nearly lmin set of milk cup, because the blood concentrations of oxytocin has risen to the top.
Set of cup order, on the other side of the left breast area began to set in turn clockwise cup, so convenient and safe. Set of cup to avoid intake; Set of cups before don't squeeze NaiGao or milk to the nipple, so as to avoid milk cup in advance or easy to social climbers, and blocked from the pool of breast to the nipple channel, multiply residual milk; Set to check after the milk cup milk claw suspension is normal, stimulate the secretion of milk is fluent, can appear otherwise nipples in milk cup milk might sprain or squeeze is not clear.
4. Put an end to empty crowded In crowded after all milk or no milk flow, vacuum is completely effect on the nipple, call it empty. Empty squeeze within the breast to form a larger residual vacuum, will help bacteria into the breast and retained there and reproduction; Milk cup, on the other hand, the rubber inner sleeve to continue movement, will reduce its service life. Put an end to empty the way it is crowded, check from the observation tube or viewer. In recent years, the creation of a transparent plastic milk cup, can be clearly seen from the outside inside the cup milk flow.
5. Squeeze as milk When viewed from the tube (mirror) has no milk flow out, but also touch the breast, check whether there is any milk. In general, the total still can squeeze the milk. Because there are varying degrees breast lean forward, make the nipples are pointing in different degrees below before, when under the gravity of milk claw nipple straight down, when breast milk to a certain amount, the less breast milk flow nipple. Milk at this point it is necessary to open the airway by putting one hand on the center of the milk claw, forward slightly downward pressure, and can be arbitrary to four breasts area effect; Another hand to massage the breast, and milk from different directions. If the residual milk is more, check a rubber inner sleeve and vacuum stimulate the secretion of milk. Rubber set of aging, loss of elasticity, breakage or vacuum degree is too high (more than 50 kpa) can make the residual milk. Residual milk is milk and the health of the breasts, member's experience and sense of responsibility.
6. Discharge milk cup When squeeze net milk immediately after unloading milk cup, prevent empty crowded, it is forbidden to pull. Specific operation is:
(1) close the vacuum to the milk claw;
(2) wait a moment, until the milk cup nipple indoor pressure decrease;
(3) the four milk cup to unload at the same time fell on the wrist or the palm of your hand;
(4) to head down four milk cup, vacuum switch quickly open and close several times again, the residues in milk and milk tube milking tube pail of milk.
7. Disinfection nipples Unload the milk cup use liquid immersion nipple immediately after can kill or inhibit the nipples and nipples hole at the top of the bacteria. Breast in a short time after unloading milk cup still more or less have residual vacuum, can absorb a small amount of disinfectant, and keep the nipple hole, to prevent the outside the invasion of the bacteria.
